Dealing with mold and mildew in temporary housing: cleaning tips

25 March 2022

Mold and mildew are insidious contaminants that often develop quickly in temporary housing environments due to fluctuating temperatures, high humidity, and the challenges of maintaining airflow in crowded or poorly ventilated shelters. For families currently experiencing homelessness, the presence of these fungal growths in a temporary residence can pose severe health risks, particularly for infants, the elderly, and those with compromised immune systems. Addressing this issue requires a practical, safe, and accessible approach that respects the dignity of residents while prioritizing their immediate physical safety and mental well-being.

Understanding the Root Causes in Temporary Settings

Before attempting any cleaning, it is crucial to understand why mold thrives in temporary housing. In emergency shelters, communal areas often lack adequate ventilation systems, allowing moisture to accumulate on walls, floors, and bedding. Furthermore, temporary housing units may suffer from structural leaks, poor insulation, or rapid cycling of occupants which prevents the air from drying out between uses. Mildew, a type of fungus that appears as fuzzy white or gray spots on surfaces, is the visible sign of this unchecked moisture. Ignoring these signs can lead to toxic black mold growth, which releases spores into the air, causing respiratory issues, allergies, and chronic fatigue. Effective management requires identifying the specific source of the moisture, whether it is a condensation issue in a shared bathroom, a leaky window frame, or a lack of airflow in a storage closet.

Immediate Safety Protocols for Residents

For families living in emergency transitional housing, the safety of every individual must be the primary concern during mold remediation. Many mold-cleaning products contain harsh chemicals like bleach or ammonia that can be dangerous in enclosed spaces, especially when mixed with other cleaning agents or inhaled in high concentrations by vulnerable residents. Therefore, the first step is to ensure proper ventilation by opening windows and doors if weather permits, or using fans to create cross-breezes that push contaminated air outside. Residents with asthma or respiratory conditions should stay away from the affected area until the situation is under control. It is vital to wear protective gear, including N95 masks, gloves, and long-sleeved clothing, to prevent direct contact with spores. If the infestation is extensive, professional abatement services may be necessary, and organizations like NANA's House can facilitate connections to these experts to ensure the cleanup is done correctly without compromising resident health.

Step-by-Step Cleaning Methods for Small Infestations

For minor cases of mildew found on hard surfaces like walls, countertops, or floors, a thorough cleaning process can often resolve the issue. The following steps outline a safe and effective method that can be adapted based on available resources:

Remove loose spores: Start by gently vacuuming the affected area with a HEPA filter vacuum cleaner to remove visible mold and spores without spreading them further into the air.
Prepare a cleaning solution: Mix a solution of warm water and white vinegar in a spray bottle. Vinegar is a natural disinfectant that is generally safer for residents than bleach, though bleach can be used on non-porous surfaces if vinegar is unavailable and under strict supervision.
Apply and wait: Spray the solution generously onto the moldy area and let it sit for at least one hour. This dwell time is crucial to kill the roots of the fungus rather than just washing the surface away.
Scrub gently: Use a stiff brush or cloth to scrub the area, removing the fungal growth. Avoid excessive scrubbing which might damage porous materials or spread spores.
Dry thoroughly: Wipe the area with a clean, dry towel and use a fan or dehumidifier to ensure the surface is completely dry. Mold requires moisture to grow, so keeping the area dry is the most effective long-term prevention.

Preventing Future Growth in Shared Spaces

Prevention is far more effective than cure, especially in the context of temporary housing where resources are stretched thin. To stop mold from returning, shelter administrators and resident families must work together to control humidity levels. Installing or utilizing portable dehumidifiers in communal areas can significantly reduce moisture buildup. Ensuring that all doors and windows close and seal properly when not in use helps maintain consistent air quality. Regular inspections by staff should be conducted to catch early signs of moisture or discoloration before they become hazardous. Additionally, educating families on how to keep their personal belongings dry and stored correctly empowers them to take ownership of their living environment. By fostering a culture of vigilance and cooperation, NANA's House can help create safer, healthier temporary homes for all families we serve, ensuring that the struggle of homelessness does not include the added burden of toxic indoor environments.